: Lateral: T-Liner®: FAQ
What is a T-Liner®?
T-Liner® is a one-piece cured in-place main and lateral liner. It is installed from the mainline pipe and is accomplished without the need for any excavation. The liner is protected inside of a unique hose launching device. The liner inside of the protective hose is inserted into the main pipe from a manhole and pulled to the desired lateral connection. The one-piece main/lateral lining is robotically positioned using a lateral camera.
Once positioned, air pressure is applied and the main portion is inflated and the lateral portion is inverted (turned inside out) up into the existing lateral pipe. A cleanout is required in order to clean the pipe and ensure that the segment to be lined is free of roots and other debris. The cleanout is also used to insert a push camera down to the main allowing visual positioning for a perfect alignment of the liner. An existing cleanout may be used, or a new cleanout can be installed by traditional excavation or a cleanout can be installed utilizing a VAC-A-TEE®.
What is VAC-A-TEE® and how does it work?
VAC-A-TEE® is a trenchless cleanout system. The lateral is located typically by a mainline camera that projects a satellite camera up into the existing lateral pipe. The satellite camera contains a sonde that transmits a frequency which can be pin pointed from ground surface. Once the lateral has been located, a bore-hole about 20" in diameter is created by using water to cut the soil and a vacuum truck to remove the soil, placing it into the vacuum truck tank so there is no large piles of dirt as typically seen in a traditional dig. This is referred to as vacuum excavation.
Once the lateral pipe has been exposed through vacuum excavation, a Patented PVC saddle is prepared by applying a unique, fast curing adhesive to the underside of the saddle. The saddle with a riser pipe is then introduced into the hole and the saddle is snapped onto the lateral pipe. The adhesive cures and forms a new watertight cleanout. The riser pipe is filled with 6-feet of water performing an exfiltration leak test. A diamond core bit saw is then used to cut open the crown of the pipe. The VAC-A-TEE® system will work with a variety of pipes including VCP, Orange Burg, PVC, and Cast Iron.
How far can the T-Liner® go up a lateral?
The T-Liner® has been used to renew laterals as far as 200' in one continuous inverted liner from the mainline.
Can the T-Liner® transition from a 6" lateral to a 4" lateral?
Yes. T-Liner® is custom tailored to fit the pipe for transitioning from one pipe size to another.
In what size main pipes will the T-Liner® work?
T-Liner® works with main pipe sizes ranging from 5.5 to 24 inches.
In what size laterals will the T-Liner® work?
T-Liner® works with lateral pipe sizes ranging from 3 to 8 inches.
How much will the T-Liner® reduce the pipe diameter?
The liner wall thickness is 3mm (1/8") for a 4" pipe leaving a pipe diameter of 3.75", and the liner wall thickness is 4.5mm (3/16") for a 6" pipe leaving a pipe diameter of 5.625".
Is this reduced pipe diameter a bad thing?
Typically, the flow rate is increased even though the inner diameter has been slightly reduced.
Will a T-Liner® work in a WYE shaped connection?
Yes. T-Liner® is manufactured in either a Tee Shape or a WYE Shape.
How do you cut the end of the liner open?
There is no cutting required since the liner is open ended. The liner and bladder are inverted together as a liner/bladder assembly. The bladder is longer than the liner, so when the liner is fully inverted, the bladder continues to invert at least other 12-inches, thus keeping the end of the liner open.
What is the method of resin saturation?
We use a patented vacuum impregnation system. The bladder is translucent and the liner is inside of the bladder when the resin is added to the liner during the vacuum impregnation process. Since the bladder is translucent, our workers and the project inspector can visually verify the liner is thoroughly saturated with no dry spots.
How long does a T-Liner® take to cure?
Typically two (2) hours ambient cure or 30 minutes steam cure.
Will the T-Liner® negotiate 90-degree bends?
Yes. A variety of lining materials are available for specific pipe conditions such as multiple bends.
Will the liner wrinkle at bends?
Wrinkling at bends is common for cured-in place pipe. However, new flexible lining materials with superior elasticity allow liners to negotiate bends and reduce wrinkling. If the bend is a sweeping fitting, minimal or no wrinkling may be achieved. If the fitting is a hard bend, the liner will most likely produce wrinkling on the inside curve of the bend. The type of lining materials and inversion pressures greatly affect wrinkling in bends.
Do you need to grout first?
If infiltration is excessive, grout is required prior to installing the T-Liner®.
How many can be installed in a day?
Typically 4-6 T-Liners® can be installed by a knowledgeable crew.
Will a cable cleaning machine hurt the T-Liner®?
There is no record or report of cable cleaning equipment damaging a T-Liner®. Furthermore, once the lateral has been renewed, there is no need for cable cleaning tools.
Will the T-Liner® stick to the host pipe?
Sometimes liners stick and some times they do not stick. How do you verify the bond strength between a liner and the host pipe? No manufactured CIPP product or installation contractor can tell you when the liner sticks and how well it is stuck to the pipe. There is grease in sewer pipes which has a serious effect on adhesion. Some sewer pipes are made of polyethylene, and even some CIPP mainline-linings have an inner polyethylene (PE) coating. What sticks to polyethylene? NOT MUCH!
Cylinder Design One-Piece Main and Lateral
The T-Liner® is a full circle sleeve that fits tight against the old pipe with extra resin that migrates and mechanically locks the liner into the existing pipe open joints, fractures and other defects. However, since adhesion cannot be verified and some pipe or pipelining materials resist adhesion, the T-Liner system incorporates four (4) hydrophilic O-rings (2 on each side of the lateral connection) as part of a uniquely designed compression gasket sealing system. The O-rings are embedded between the existing pipe and the new liner. The O-rings swell in the presence of water providing a compression seal with all pipe types. LMK Bands are patented.
Will the T-Liner® stop infiltration?
Yes, the T-Liner® is a water-tight new main/lateral lining to stop Infiltration and inflow and the negative effects of infiltration on a collection system.
Will the T-Liner® stop roots?
Yes, the T-Liner® is a root-tight new main/lateral lining.
Is the T-Liner® chemical resistant?
Yes. We can design our liner to withstand a variety of chemicals and heat. LMK has an engineering staff that will design the liner specifically for your project. Our liner has been tested in accordance with ASTM D5813 chemical resistance testing.
Does the resin have a strong chemical smell?
The T-Liner® can be used with a variety of thermo-set resins. These include: Polyester, Vinylester, silicate and epoxy. The silicate and epoxy resins are very low odor.
How long will the T-Liner® last?
T-Liner® is engineered for a minimum service life of 50 years. Service life is based on extrapolating CREEP test data as well as other relevant physical properties of the liner.
What is the average cost of a T-Liner®?
T-Liner® is priced anywhere from $1,800 to $5,000 based on the variables of each installation, including the quantity of one versus one hundred. How many liners per set-up will vary the price of installation? As for the liner itself, price is determined by the diameter of the main and the length and the diameter of the lateral.
What is the difference between a T-Linder® and a hat design?
T-Liner® has a 16" long full circle sleeve in the main pipe, vs. a) Hat configured liner has a small collar or flange.
T-Liner® being a cylinder shape stands alone like a pipe, and allows engineers to design its structural capabilities for withstanding soil loading and hydrostatic pressures, vs.
a) Hat designed liners do not stand alone, rather it is designed to cling or hang on to the main pipe. Engineered design calculations are based on flexural calculations do not include gluing hats to greasy pipes or polyethylene pipes.
T-Liner® is designed to renew the lateral and to make a structural, water tight connection to the main. The main portion of the T-Liner® is similar to a full length cured in-place pipe running from manhole to manhole, but is only 16" long positioned at the lateral opening. A T-Liner® covers up to 6 inches on either side of a 4" and is 5 inches on either side of a 6" lateral opening, vs.
a) Hat designed liners are glued to the main pipe around the perimeter of the lateral opening. This process is similar to lining the main pipe from manhole to manhole, but only lining the crown of the pipe. There is no support or structural renovation to the old pipe. It is all based on glue.
Are there T-Liner® knockoffs?
Yes, but you will know a real T-Liner® by the following features:
- One-piece continuous main/lateral construction extending up the lateral as far as 200'.
- Lateral Identification marking the lining with the building address.
- Compression gasket sealing technology using 4-hydrophilic O-rings.
- Flat sheet is stitched/ thermally welded to lateral tube. Flat sheets form a 16 inch main tube.
- Compressible ends and three terminating points provide a smooth transition.
- A liner/bladder assembly where the lining is resin saturated within a translucent bladder.
The T-Liner® is a patented one-piece main and lateral lining system. This is accomplished by stitching and thermal welding the main and lateral forming a one-piece main/lateral lining that is continuous in length. Every T-Liner® manufactured by LMK is subjected to a factory air test of 5 PSI, vs. a) Knockoff systems are two pieces and they rely on the resin to glue or bond the two liners into one. These type of linings cannot be air tested prior to installation.
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